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1. The hands are part of a person's body. If a pitch hits the batter's hands
the ball is dead; if he swung at the pitch, a strike is called (NOT a foul). If
he was avoiding the pitch, he is awarded first base.
Rules: 2.00 PERSON, TOUCH, STRIKE (e) and 6.05(f)
2. The batter-runner may turn left or right, provided that if he turns left
he does not make an attempt to advance. An attempt is a judgment made by the
umpire. The requirement is that the runner must immediately return to first
after overrunning or oversliding it.
Rule: 7.08(c and j)
3. A strike is a judgment by the umpire as to whether the batter attempted to
strike the ball. Breaking the wrists, or the barrel of the bat crossing the
plate are simply guides to making the judgment of an attempt, these are not
rules.
Rule: 2.00 STRIKE
4. The plate is in fair territory. There is nothing special about it. If a
batted ball hits it, it is treated like any other batted ball.
5. The batter's box is not a safety zone. A batter could be called out for
interference if the umpire judges that interference could or should have been
avoided.
Rules: 2.00 INTERFERENCE, 6.06(c)
6. There is nothing foul about a foul-tip. If the ball nicks the bat and goes
sharp and direct to the catcher's hand or glove and is caught, this is a
foul-tip by definition. A foul-tip is a strike and the ball is alive. It is the
same as a swing-and-miss. If the ball is not caught, it is a foul ball. If the
nicked pitch first hits the catcher somewhere other than the hand or glove, it
is not a foul-tip, it is a foul ball.
Rules: 2.00 FOUL-TIP, STRIKE
7. The batter can switch boxes at any time, provided he does not do it after
the pitcher is ready to pitch.
Rule: 6.06(b)
8. The PROPER batter is the one called out. Any hit or advance made by the
batter or runners due to the hit, walk, error or other reason is nullified. The
next batter is the one who follows the proper batter who was called out.
Rule: 6.07(b, 1)
9. Rule 7.08(c and j) simply state that a batter-runner must immediately
return after overrunning first base. It doesn't state any exceptions as to how
the player became a runner. It could be a hit, walk, error or dropped third
strike.
10. The batter may attempt first base anytime prior to entering the dugout or
a dead ball area.
Rule: 6.05(c), 6.09(b) Casebook interpretation
11. A strike is an attempt to hit the ball. Simply holding the bat over the
plate is not an attempt. This is umpire judgment.
Rule 2.00 STRIKE
12. The rule says the BAT cannot hit the ball a second time. When the BALL
hits the bat, it is not an out.
Rules: 6.05(h) and 7.09(b)
13. To be out the batter's foot must be ENTIRELY outside the box when he
contacts the pitch. There is no statement about touching the plate. The toe
could be on the plate and the heel could be touching the line of the box, which
means the foot is not entirely outside the box.
Rule: 6.06(a)
14. The runner must be out of the box AND cause interference. He is not out
simply for being outside the lane. He could be called for interference even
while in the lane. This is a judgment call.
Rules: 2.00 INTERFERENCE, 6.05(k), 7.09(k)
15. The ball is dead on a homerun over the fence. You can't be put out while
the ball is dead except when you pass another runner.
Rules: 5.02, 7.05(a)
16. There is no such thing in the world of umpiring. The runner is either out
or safe.
17. When a fielder other than the pitcher throws the ball into dead ball
area, the award is 2 bases. The award is from where the runners were at the time
of the pitch if it is the first play by an infielder before all runners have
advanced or from where each runner was physically positioned at the time the
ball left the throwers hand on all other plays.
Rule: 7.05(g)
18. Rule 7.09(I) says the runner is out if the coach PHYSICALLY ASSISTS the
runner. Hand slaps, back pats or simple touches are not physical assists.
19. In order to correct a base running mistake, the runner MUST retrace his
steps and retouch the bases in reverse order. The only time a runner is out for
running in reverse, is when he is making a travesty of the game or tries to
confuse the defense.
Rules: 7.08(I), 7.10(b)
20. There is no "must slide" rule. When the fielder has the ball in
possession, the runner has two choices; slide OR attempt to get around the
fielder. He may NOT deliberately or maliciously contact the fielder, but he is
NOT required to slide.
Rule: 7.08(a, 3) this rule does not apply to professionals.
21. The bases are in fair territory. A runner is out when hit by a fair
batted ball, except an infield-fly.
Rules: 5.09(f), 7.08(f)
22. There is nothing foul about a foul-tip. If the ball nicks the bat and
goes to the catcher's glove and is caught, this is a foul-tip by definition. A
foul-tip is a strike and the ball is alive. It is the same as a swing-and-miss.
If the ball is not caught, it is a foul ball.
Rules: 2.00 FOUL-TIP, STRIKE
23. A force play is when a runner is forced to advance because the batter
became a runner. When the batter is out on a caught fly, all forces are removed.
An out on an a failure to tag-up, is NOT a force out. Any runs that cross the
plate before this out will count.
Rules: 2.00 FORCE PLAY, 4.09
24. A runner must touch all the bases. If the runner misses a base to which
he was forced because the batter became a runner and is put out before touching
that base, the out is still a force play. If this is the third out, no runs may
score. The base can be touched or the runner can be touched, either way it's a
force out.
Rules: 2.00 FORCE PLAY, TAG, 7.08(e), 7.10(b)
25. The runner MUST avoid a fielder attempting to field a BATTED ball. A
runner is out for running out of the baseline, only when attempting to avoid a
tag.
Rules: 7.08(a), 7.09(L)
26. An Infield-fly is no different than any other fly ball in regard to the
runners. The only difference is that they are never forced to advance because
the batter is out whether the ball is caught or not.
Rules: 2.00 INFIELD-FLY, 6.05(e), 7.10(a)
27. Yes it can. This is not a force play. A force play is when a runner is
forced to advance because the batter became a runner. When the batter is out on
a caught fly, all forces are removed. An out on an a failure to tag-up, is NOT a
force out. Any runs that cross the plate before this out will count.
Rules: 2.00 FORCE PLAY, 4.09, 7.10(a)
28. A pitch is a ball delivered to the batter by the pitcher. It doesn't
matter how it gets to the batter. The batter may hit any pitch that is thrown.
Rule: 2.00 PITCH. (If the ball does not cross the foul line, it is not a pitch.)
29. A pitch is a ball delivered to the batter by the pitcher. It doesn't
matter how it gets to the batter. If the batter is hit by a pitch while
attempting to avoid it, he is awarded first base.
Rules: 2.00 PITCH, 6.08(b).
30. A catch is legal when the umpire judges that the fielder has COMPLETE
control of the ball. The release of the ball must be voluntary and intentional.
Rule: 2.00 CATCH
31. You can tag a base with ANY part of the body.
Rules: 2.00 FORCE PLAY, PERSON, TAG, 7.08(e)
32. In Federation rules it is, not in any others. If a throw or pitch is made
after the balk call, the ball is delayed dead. At the end of the play the balk
may be enforced or not depending on what happened. On a throw; if ALL runners
advance on the play, the balk is ignored. If not, the balk award is enforced
from the time of pitch. On a pitch; if ALL runners INCLUDING the batter, advance
on the play, the balk is ignored. Otherwise, it is no-pitch and the balk award
is made from the time of the pitch.
Rule: 8.05 PENALTY
33. The position of the player's feet or any other part of the body is
irrelevant. A ball is judged fair or foul based on the relationship between the
ball and the ground at the time the ball is touched.
Rule: 2.00 FAIR, FOUL
34. An appeal may be made anytime the ball is alive. The only time the ball
must go to the pitcher, is when time is out. The ball cannot be made live until
the pitcher has the ball while on the rubber and the umpire says "Play." If time
is not out, the appeal can be made immediately.
Rule: 2.00 APPEAL, 5.11, 7.10
35. A pitch is a ball delivered to the batter by the pitcher. If the ball is
not delivered, it is not a pitch. If this happens with runners on base it is a
balk.
Rule: 2.00 PITCH.
36. The pitcher is required to come to a complete stop in the Set position
before delivering the pitch, not before making a throw.
Rule: 8.05(m)
37. If the pitcher steps off the rubber he is no longer the pitcher, he is a
fielder. He can throw to a base from the rubber, provided he does not break any
of the rules under rule 8.05
38. As long as the fielder is not touching the ground in dead ball territory
when he catches the ball, it is a legal catch if he holds onto the ball and
meets the definition of a catch. If the catch is not the third out and the
fielder falls down in dead ball territory, all runners are awarded one base. If
the fielder remains on his feet in dead ball territory after the catch, the ball
is alive and he may make a play.
Rules: 2.00 CATCH, 6.05(a), 7.04(c)
39. If an umpire is hit by a batted ball before it passes a fielder, the ball
is dead. On any other batted or thrown ball, the ball is alive when the umpire
is hit with the ball. Umpire interference also occurs when the plate umpire
interferes with the catcher's attempt to prevent a stolen base.
Rules: 2.00 INTERFERENCE, 5.09(b), 5.09(f)
40. The umpire who made a call or ruling may ask for help if he wishes. No
umpire may overrule another umpire's call.
Rules: 9.02(b, c)
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